Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick (1768-1821), Queen of George IV
Sitter in 89 portraits
Married George, Prince of Wales in 1795 but he was already secretly married to Mrs Fitzherbert, only agreeing to the arranged marriage to salvage his financial position. He abandoned her just after the birth of their daughter Princess Charlotte. Caroline repaid her husband by leading a life of bawdy behaviour. Her travels took her around the Mediterranean, including Tunis, Jerusalem, Ephesus and Constantinople. In 1820 her husband wanted to divorce her so she was tried in the House of Lords for adultery, but acquitted. In July 1821 she was refused entry to George IV's coronation and died a fortnight later of shock. On her death her body was shipped back to Brunswick, her birthplace.
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by Sir Thomas Lawrence
oil on canvas, 1804
On display in Room 17 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 244
The Trial of Queen Caroline 1820
by Sir George Hayter
oil on canvas, 1820-1823
On display in Room 17 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 999
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by James Lonsdale
oil on canvas, circa 1820
NPG 498
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by Sir George Hayter
pencil, 1820
NPG 1695(a)
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by Sir George Hayter
pencil, 1820
NPG 1695(b)
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by Sir George Hayter
pen and ink, circa 1820
NPG 2662(1)
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by Sir George Hayter
pencil, circa 1820
NPG 2662(2)
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by Sir George Hayter
pencil, circa 1820
NPG 2662(3)
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by Sir George Hayter
pencil, circa 1820
NPG 2662(4)
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by Sir George Hayter
pencil, circa 1820
NPG 2662(5)
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by Sir George Hayter
pencil, circa 1820
NPG 2662(6)
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by Sir George Hayter
pen and ink, circa 1820
NPG 2662(8)
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by Sir George Hayter
oil on panel, circa 1820
NPG 4940
'The Kings and Queens of England: From the Conquest to Queen Victoria'
by Henry Hering
albumen carte-de-visite photomontage, 1862
NPG Ax131392
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
after Unknown artist
mezzotint, published 24 February 1795
NPG D9141
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by John Murphy, published by John Jeffryes, after Thomas Stothard
mezzotint, published 21 May 1795
NPG D33364
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by James Tookey, probably after Friedrich Schroeder
line engraving, published 1795
NPG D10849
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by James Tookey, probably after Friedrich Schroeder
line engraving, published 1795
NPG D10850
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching and aquatint, published 24 January 1795
NPG D12515
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 30 June 1796
NPG D12576
'The Jersey smuggler detected; - or - good cause for (separation) discontent'
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 24 May 1796
NPG D13023
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, engraving and aquatint, published 18 May 1797
NPG D12613
King George IV; Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by Michael Sloane, published by Luigi Schiavonetti, after Richard Cosway
stipple engraving, published 12 April 1797
NPG D20038
Princess Charlotte Augusta of Wales; Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by Francesco Bartolozzi, after Richard Cosway
stipple engraving, published 1799
NPG D10848
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
after Unknown artist
hand-coloured stipple engraving, early 19th century
NPG D8091
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
after Unknown artist
coloured engraving, early 19th century
NPG D8093
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by Marie Anne Bourlier, published by Edward Harding, after Sir William Beechey
stipple engraving, published 19 May 1806
NPG D33360
R-y-l Condescension - or a Foreign Minister admonished! - April 1817
by George Cruikshank, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 15 September 1817
NPG D17897
A R-Y-L Visit to a Foreign Capital or, The Ambassador not at home - !! - April 1817
by George Cruikshank, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 15 September 1817
NPG D17899
Verses on the divorce of Queen Caroline
by E.I. Blandford
letterpress, circa 1820
NPG D21569
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by and published by Henry Meyer, after James Lonsdale
stipple and line engraving, published 27 November 1820
NPG D33361
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by and published by Henry Meyer, after James Lonsdale
stipple and line engraving, published 27 November 1820
NPG D33362
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by Robert Cooper, after Abraham Wivell
stipple engraving, published 1820
NPG D33363
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by and published by Richard Dighton
etching, published 1820
NPG D10809
How to get Un-married, - Ay, there's the Rub!
by J.L. Marks
coloured etching, published 1820
NPG D1386
Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick
by and published by William Say, after Arthur William Devis
mezzotint, published 1820
NPG D11321
Steward's Court of the Manor of Torre Devon
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published December 1820
NPG D17911
The Saint! (Bartolomeo Pergami; Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick)
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 9 December 1820
NPG D17912a
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 1820
NPG D17917b
The Time Piece! & Cunning Jack o' both sides
possibly by (Isaac) Robert Cruikshank, published by George Humphrey
etching, published June 1820
NPG D17928
after Unknown artist
mezzotint, 1821 or after
NPG D9142
A Wooden Substitute, or Any Port in a Storm
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
coloured etching, published 19 January 1821
NPG D10847
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 27 March 1821
NPG D8094
'Tent-ation.' (Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick; Bartolomeo Pergami)
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 25 June 1821
NPG D17898a
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 1 June 1821
NPG D17898b
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published February 1821
NPG D17900
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 6 August 1821
NPG D17901
The Royal Extinguisher, or the King of Brobdingnag & the Lilliputians
by George Cruikshank, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 7 April 1821
NPG D17902
An Arm-Full of Love (Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick; Bartolomeo Pergami)
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 30 April 1821
NPG D17903a
Returning Justice lifts aloft her Scale
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 1 June 1821
NPG D17904a
Mother Cole (Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick; Sir Matthew Wood, 1st Bt)
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 26 July 1821
NPG D17903b
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 1 June 1821
NPG D17904b
Lucifera's Procession. Fairy-Queen
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 12 May 1821
NPG D17905
A Wooden Substitute, or Any Port in a Storm
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 19 January 1821
NPG D17906a
The Choice of Hercules (Bartolomeo Pergami; Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick)
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 24 May 1821
NPG D17906b
Design for a New Coat of Arms. Dedicated to Mothers Wood, Windsor & Co. & all the Fancy Queens.
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 1 May 1821
NPG D17907a
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 7 June 1821
NPG D17907b
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 30 April 1821
NPG D17908
Modesty! (Bartolomeo Pergami; Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of Brunswick)
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 7 June 1821
NPG D17909a
The Effusions of a Troubled Brain, or Evil communications corrupt good Manners
attributed to Theodore Lane, published by George Humphrey
etching, published 10 July 1821
NPG D17910
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