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Room 4

Creativity, Conflict and the Crown

In the first half of the 17th century, the Stuart dynasty established itself as a European monarchy, building powerful alliances and rivalling other monarchies in encouraging the arts. The reigns of both James I and his son Charles I created conditions in which culture could flourish. Their queens consort brought new artistic influences from Europe and actively supported writers, painters, designers and composers. The kings’ autocratic behaviour, however, fuelled growing discontent in Parliament and among the wider population. Increasingly bitter struggles over power, religion and finance eventually led to war between England, Scotland and Ireland and civil war in England and Wales.

21 portraits on display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery

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The Somerset House Conference, 1604

by Unknown artist
oil on canvas, 1604
On display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 665

Anne of Denmark

by John De Critz the Elder
oil on canvas, circa 1606-1608
On display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 6918

Henry, Prince of Wales

by Robert Peake the Elder
oil on canvas, circa 1610
On display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 4515

Princess Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia and Electress Palatine

by Robert Peake the Elder
oil on canvas, circa 1610
On display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 6113

Frances, Countess of Somerset

studio of William Larkin
oil on panel, feigned oval, circa 1615
On display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 1955

Benjamin ('Ben') Jonson

by Abraham van Blyenberch
oil on canvas, circa 1617
On display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 2752

Anne, Countess of Pembroke (Lady Anne Clifford)

by William Larkin
oil on panel, circa 1618
On display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 6976

John Fletcher

by Unknown artist
oil on oak panel, circa 1620
On display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 6829

William Harvey

attributed to Daniel Mytens
oil on canvas, circa 1627
On display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 5115

Thomas Howard, 14th Earl of Arundel

by Sir Peter Paul Rubens
oil on canvas, 1629
On display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 2391

King Charles II

by Unknown artist
oil on canvas, 1630
On display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 6403

King Charles I

by Daniel Mytens
oil on canvas, 1631
On display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 1246

Henrietta Maria

by Unknown artist, background by Hendrik van Steenwyck
oil on canvas, circa 1635
On display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 1247

William Laud

after Sir Anthony van Dyck
oil on canvas, based on a work of 1636
On display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 171

Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford

studio of Sir Anthony van Dyck
oil on canvas, circa 1636
On display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 4531

Lord George Stuart, 9th Seigneur of Aubigny

by Sir Anthony van Dyck
oil on canvas, circa 1638
On display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 5964

Sir Thomas Roe

after Michiel Jansz. van Miereveldt
oil on panel, feigned oval, based on a work of 1640
On display in Room 4 on Floor 3 at the National Portrait Gallery
NPG 1354