Prince James Francis Edward Stuart; Mary of Modena

1 portrait of Mary of Modena

© National Portrait Gallery, London

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Prince James Francis Edward Stuart; Mary of Modena

published by John Smith, after Unknown artist
mezzotint, early 1690s?
9 3/4 in. x 7 3/4 in. (247 mm x 197 mm) plate size; 16 3/4 in. x 11 1/4 in. (427 mm x 286 mm) paper size
Purchased with help from the Friends of the National Libraries and the Pilgrim Trust, 1966
Reference Collection
NPG D32756

Sittersback to top

Artistsback to top

  • John Smith (1652-1743), Engraver. Artist or producer associated with 1181 portraits, Sitter in 4 portraits.
  • Unknown artist, Artist. Artist or producer associated with 6578 portraits.

Events of 1690back to top

Current affairs

William III, forced to leave England to fight in Ireland, empowers Mary II, through the Regency Act, to exercise authority in his absence. William, however, unwilling to rest power solely with Mary, appoints a council of nine statesmen directly answerable to the absent king.

Art and science

Philosopher, John Locke, publishes An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding and Treatises on Government, in which he sets out his notion that human understanding is derived from experience.
Naturalist, John Ray, publishes Synopsis methodica stirpium Britannicarum. It became the most consulted book for the classification of British plants.

International

William III lands in Ireland with an allied force of Protestant fighters from European states to fight French and Irish troops under James II. William's victory at the Battle of the Boyne forces James to flee into permanent exile.
French defeat the English at the naval battle of Beachy Head.

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