In the right-hand image, taken in ultra violet light, a lot of retouching is evident as fine vertical lines in the face, and this is probably related to small old paint losses and wear in the paint layer. In the x-ray in the centre, the brushwork at the left outline of the nose and the nostrils has a slightly confused lack of definition, which indicates perhaps that the painter was working out the shape during the painting stage. The inscription, painted with lead-tin yellow, is also clearly visible.

© National Portrait Gallery, London