224 people matching these criteria:
- group '218'
Whigs
The history of the Whigs in British politics is long and varied, starting with their emergence as a political faction in 1678. The term itself was first used in British politics during the 1678-1681 Exclusion Bill crises, where a strong party came forward to dispute the crowning of Roman Catholic king, James II. Although often separated into many different group affiliations such as Bedfordites, Rockingham Whigs, and Chathamites, named after their various leaders, the Whigs were united by their representative colours of orange, blue and buff and their key policies. These included a firm opposition to absolute rule, particularly by a Roman Catholic (which they saw as a threat to religious freedom and civil liberties and a threat to protectionist foreign trade laws). As their popularity rose and fell with the changing royal powers, the Whigs evolved to suit the times, using some of their strongest leaders, such as Robert Walpole, to maintain their particular breed of anti-Tory political control. It was, however, one of their most well known off-shoots, the Junto Whigs, whose radical views led to a split, and an eventual merge of the Junto Whigs with the Conservative party in the 1680s. The reign of George I saw Whig supremacy in parliament, as the Tory Jacobites were expelled from parliament. George III's accession saw a joining of disputed factions to form the 'Old' and 'New' Whigs, under Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham and Lord Chatham respectively. Opposition to Prime Minister William Pitt lost the Whigs seats during the 1790s, but they had a lasting impact in the implementation of parliamentary reform acts regarding slavery and the Poor Laws in the 1830s. The Whigs were formally merged into a new coalition liberal party with the Peelites in 1859, and their final dissolution came in 1868.
Barrister and politician; MP for Helston, Bletchingley, Newtown and Marylebone
Sitter in 3 portraits
Richard Monckton Milnes, 1st Baron Houghton
1809-1885Poet, patron of literature and politician; MP for Pontefract
Sitter in 14 portraits
Frances Villiers (née Twysden), Countess of Jersey
1753-1821Mistress of George IV and courtier
Sitter associated with 8 portraits
Sir John Vanden Bempde Johnstone, 2nd Bt
1799-1869Politician; MP for Yorkshire and Scarborough
Sitter in 3 portraits
William Thomas Petty-Fitzmaurice, Earl of Kerry
1811-1836Politician; MP for Calne
Sitter in 1 portrait
William Petty, 1st Marquess of Lansdowne
1737-1805Prime Minister and patron of the arts
Sitter associated with 68 portraits