224 people matching these criteria:
- group '218'
Whigs
The history of the Whigs in British politics is long and varied, starting with their emergence as a political faction in 1678. The term itself was first used in British politics during the 1678-1681 Exclusion Bill crises, where a strong party came forward to dispute the crowning of Roman Catholic king, James II. Although often separated into many different group affiliations such as Bedfordites, Rockingham Whigs, and Chathamites, named after their various leaders, the Whigs were united by their representative colours of orange, blue and buff and their key policies. These included a firm opposition to absolute rule, particularly by a Roman Catholic (which they saw as a threat to religious freedom and civil liberties and a threat to protectionist foreign trade laws). As their popularity rose and fell with the changing royal powers, the Whigs evolved to suit the times, using some of their strongest leaders, such as Robert Walpole, to maintain their particular breed of anti-Tory political control. It was, however, one of their most well known off-shoots, the Junto Whigs, whose radical views led to a split, and an eventual merge of the Junto Whigs with the Conservative party in the 1680s. The reign of George I saw Whig supremacy in parliament, as the Tory Jacobites were expelled from parliament. George III's accession saw a joining of disputed factions to form the 'Old' and 'New' Whigs, under Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham and Lord Chatham respectively. Opposition to Prime Minister William Pitt lost the Whigs seats during the 1790s, but they had a lasting impact in the implementation of parliamentary reform acts regarding slavery and the Poor Laws in the 1830s. The Whigs were formally merged into a new coalition liberal party with the Peelites in 1859, and their final dissolution came in 1868.
Banker and politician; MP for Cockermouth, Downton and Berkshire
Sitter associated with 1 portrait
William Henry Cavendish Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland
1738-1809Prime Minister
Sitter associated with 32 portraits
Charles Lennox, 3rd Duke of Richmond and Lennox
1735-1806Field Marshal, ambassador to France and politician, Secretary of State for the Southern Department
Sitter in 28 portraits
Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham
1730-1782Prime Minister
Sitter associated with 14 portraits
Alexander Wedderburn, 1st Earl of Rosslyn (Lord Loughborough)
1733-1805Lord Chancellor
Sitter associated with 33 portraits
John Russell, 1st Earl Russell
1792-1878Prime Minister and writer; ex-officio Trustee of the National Portrait Gallery
Sitter associated with 249 portraits
Lord Charles James Fox Russell
1807-1894Soldier and politician; MP for Bedfordshire
Sitter in 4 portraits
George Sackville Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville
1716-1785Soldier and statesman
Sitter associated with 18 portraits
John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich
1718-1792First Lord of the Admiralty
Sitter associated with 25 portraits
Arthur Marcus Cecil Sandys, 3rd Baron Sandys
1798-1863Politician; MP for Newry and Evesham
Sitter in 3 portraits
George John Spencer, 2nd Earl Spencer
1758-1834First Lord of the Admiralty
Sitter associated with 31 portraits
Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Marquess of Stafford
1721-1803Politician; Lord Privy Seal
Sitter in 6 portraits
John Hamilton Dalrymple, 10th Earl of Stair
1819-1903Governor of the Bank of Scotland and politician; MP for County Wigtownshire
Sitter associated with 3 portraits
Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl Stanhope
1753-1816Scientist and politician; MP for Wycombe
Sitter associated with 46 portraits
Sir George Thomas Staunton, 2nd Bt
1781-1859Traveller, orientalist and politician: MP for Mitchell, Hampshire South and Portsmouth
Sitter in 3 portraits