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Abdul Hamid II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire

(1842-1918), Reigned 1876-1909

Sitter in 5 portraits
Born in Constantinople (present day Istanbul), Abdul Hamid II was the thirty-fourth sultan of the Ottoman Empire, he came to the throne after the deposition of his mentally ill brother Murad V. During his reign he oversaw a period of decline in the Ottoman Empire. In his later years, he suffered increasingly from paranoia and the fear that his power and status may be impinged upon by some individual or organisation. In an attempt to hold onto control, he cutback army funding and restricted civil and political rights further however his injustices came back to haunt him, provoking the Young Turk Revolution in 1908. He was deposed in 1909, making him the last Ottoman ruler to rule autonomously with absolute power.

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Abdul Hamid II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, by Unknown photographer - NPG x74510

Abdul Hamid II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire

by Unknown photographer
albumen carte-de-visite, 1860s
NPG x74510

'Ruling Monarchs', published by Rotary Photographic Co Ltd - NPG x196881

'Ruling Monarchs'

published by Rotary Photographic Co Ltd
bromide postcard print, 1908
NPG x196881

Abdul Hamid II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, published by Cassell & Company, Ltd, after W. & D. Downey - NPG D47407

Abdul Hamid II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire

published by Cassell & Company, Ltd, after W. & D. Downey
chromolithograph, circa 1876-1878
NPG D47407

Abdul Hamid II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, by George J. Stodart, published by William Mackenzie, after Unknown artist - NPG D47408

Abdul Hamid II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire

by George J. Stodart, published by William Mackenzie, after Unknown artist
stipple and line engraving, late 1870s-1880s
NPG D47408

Abdul Hamid II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, by Judd & Co, after Unknown artist - NPG D47409

Abdul Hamid II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire

by Judd & Co, after Unknown artist
lithograph, published 29 June 1878
NPG D47409

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