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34 portraits matching these criteria:
- subject matching 'National stereotypes'
Gillray made extensive use of national stereotypes, as have humorists of all types before and since. His John Bull is often not the symbol of English national pride familiar from the late nineteenth and twentieth century, but a stolid and sometimes unintelligent man, easily taken advantage of by politicians. Opening of the budget; - or - John Bull giving his breeches to save his bacon (D12583), for example, refers to the tax demands placed on John Bull due to the war with France. Gillray was unafraid of targeting fellow Britons: his Sawney in the bog-house (D12978) is a particularly unpleasant image of the stereotyped uncouth Scot; and he also had an established cast of characters to represent European foreigners.
by James Gillray, published by Mrs Holt
hand-coloured etching, published 4 June 1779
NPG D12978
by James Gillray, published by William Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 4 January 1780
NPG D12283
'John Bull, in a quandary' (Lord John Townshend; Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood)
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 31 July 1788
NPG D12389
'John-Bull, baited by the dogs of excise'
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching and aquatint, published 9 April 1790
NPG D12408
probably by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching and aquatint, published 25 June 1791
NPG D12421
by James Gillray, published by Samuel William Fores
hand-coloured etching, published 4 July 1791
NPG D13073
William Pitt ('John Bull bother'd; - or - the geese alarming the capitol')
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching and aquatint, published 19 December 1792
NPG D12465
'French liberty British slavery'
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 21 December 1792
NPG D12466
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 20 September 1792
NPG D13013
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 3 June 1793
NPG D12476
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 1 June 1795
NPG D12527
William Pitt ('Blindmans-buff - or - too many for John Bull')
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 12 June 1795
NPG D12531
William Pitt ('The British butcher, supplying John Bull with a substitute for bread')
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 6 July 1795
NPG D12541
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 20 April 1796
NPG D12566
'The wine duty; - or - the triumph of Bacchus & Silenus; with John Bulls remonstrance'
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 20 April 1796
NPG D12567
'Opening of the budget; - or - John Bull giving his breeches to save his bacon'
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 17 November 1796
NPG D12583
'Begging no robbery; - ie - voluntary contribution; - or - John Bull escaping a forced loan'
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 10 December 1796
NPG D12588
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 25 January 1796
NPG D13021
'Bank-notes, - paper-money, - French-alarmists, - o, the devil, the devil! - ah! poor John Bull!!!'
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 1 March 1797
NPG D12601
'Le bonnet-rouge; - or - John Bull evading the hat tax'
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 5 April 1797
NPG D12607
Charles James Fox ('The tree of liberty, - with, the devil tempting John Bull')
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 23 May 1798
NPG D12649
John Bull taking a luncheon: - or - British cooks, cramming old grumble-gizzard, with bonne-chére
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 24 October 1798
NPG D12661
'Allied-powers, un-booting egalité' (Napoléon Bonaparte; William V, Prince of Orange?)
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 1 September 1799
NPG D12705
'French-taylor, fitting John Bull - with a "Jean de Bry"'
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 18 November 1799
NPG D12713
'German luxury, - or - repos a l'allemande'
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching and soft-ground etching, published 22 January 1800
NPG D12721
William Pitt ('The national parachute, - or - John Bull conducted to plenty and emancipation')
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 10 July 1802
NPG D12791
'The first kiss this ten years! - or - the meeting of Britannia and Citizen François'
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, soft-ground etching and aquatint, published 1 January 1803
NPG D12797
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 2 May 1803
NPG D12807
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 7 May 1803
NPG D12809
Napoléon Bonaparte ('John Bull offering little Boney fair play')
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 2 August 1803
NPG D12819
'John Bull and the alarmist' (Richard Brinsley Sheridan; King George III?)
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 1 September 1803
NPG D12821
'Le diable-boiteux, - or - the devil upon two sticks, conveying John Bull to the land of promise'
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 8 February 1806
NPG D12858
'"The friend of the people", and his petty-new-tax-gatherer, paying John Bull a visit'
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 28 May 1806
NPG D12867
by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey
hand-coloured etching, published 23 February 1807
NPG D12885