Sir Peter Paul Rubens

1 portrait by Sir Peter Paul Rubens

© National Portrait Gallery, London

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Sir Peter Paul Rubens

by Charles Townley, after Sir Peter Paul Rubens
mezzotint, published 1778
16 1/4 in. x 11 5/8 in. (413 mm x 294 mm) paper size
Given by the daughter of compiler William Fleming MD, Mary Elizabeth Stopford (née Fleming), 1931
Reference Collection
NPG D28254

Sitterback to top

  • Sir Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640), Painter. Sitter associated with 13 portraits, Artist or producer associated with 40 portraits.

Artistsback to top

  • Sir Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640), Painter. Artist or producer associated with 40 portraits, Sitter associated with 13 portraits.
  • Charles Townley (1746-circa 1800), Painter and engraver. Artist or producer associated with 23 portraits.

Subject/Themeback to top

Events of 1778back to top

Current affairs

Catholic Relief Act is the first to provide a measure of catholic emancipation, modifying the penal laws that effectively prevented Catholics from holding public office. The reform is encouraged by the Lord Chief Justice, Lord Mansfield, who had balked at various prosecutions under the statutes now repealed.

Art and science

Francis D'Arblay, writing as Fanny Burney, publishes her novel Evelina, or the History of a Young Lady's Entrance into the World, in which she satirises contemporary society.
Engineer Joseph Bramah invents a type of flush toilet, replacing the usual slide valve with a hinged flap that seals the bottom of the bowl.

International

American War of Independence: France, joining the American colonies in their fight against Britain, sends a large fleet across the Atlantic. The British rapidly abandon Philadelphia. The American naval hero John Paul Jones makes successful raids around the coasts of Britain.
James Cook's third Pacific voyage, aboard the ships HMS Resolution and HMS Discovery, first views Oahu then Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands, which Cook names the Sandwich Islands.

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