William Drummond of Hawthornden

by Richard Gaywood
etching, published 1656
4 5/8 in. x 3 1/4 in. (117 mm x 81 mm) paper size
acquired unknown source, 1960
Reference Collection
NPG D37680

Sitterback to top

William Drummond of Hawthornden (1585-1649), Poet. Sitter associated with 11 portraits.

Artistback to top

Richard Gaywood (active 1644-1668), Artist. Artist or producer associated with 101 portraits.

Subjects & Themesback to top

Events of 1656back to top

Current affairs

The Quaker, James Nayler, rides on horseback into Bristol in imitation of Christ entering Jerusalem. He is imprisoned for blasphemy.
Oliver Cromwell reluctantly calls a second Protectorate Parliament hoping a compliant parliament will raise money urgently required for the Anglo-Spanish War and maintenance of military government at home.

Art and science

Political theorist, James Harrington, publishes his influential magnus opus, The Commonwealth of Oceana, which advocates for a utopian republic.
Gardener and collector, John Tradescant the Younger, publishes England's first museum catalogue, Musaeum Tradescantianum, for his museum of rarities housed in his home, called 'The Ark'.

International

War with Spain officially declared. Admiral, Edward Montagu, Earl of Sandwich concludes a treaty with Portugal eagerly requiring support to free itself from Spain.
Admiral Robert Blake, keeping the fleet at sea throughout the winter to blockade Spain's coastline, enables Captain Richard Stayner to capture a Spanish plate fleet.

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